The gut bacteria that could be causing insomnia – and what to do about it

New research has revealed that imbalances in gut bacteria may play a direct role in sleep disorders, including chronic insomnia.

Scientists from the University of California, San Diego, found that people struggling with persistent sleeplessness showed lower levels of beneficial gut microbes and higher levels of certain inflammatory bacteria. These microbes appear to disrupt the production of serotonin and melatonin — key hormones that regulate sleep cycles.

The findings suggest that the gut-brain axis, the complex communication system between the digestive tract and the brain, could be a hidden factor behind why some people find it impossible to fall or stay asleep.

Experts recommend several ways to improve gut health and potentially ease insomnia:

• Probiotic-rich foods such as yogurt, kefir, and kimchi.

• Prebiotic fibres from foods like bananas, oats, and legumes.

• Reducing sugar and processed foods, which can fuel harmful bacteria.

• Consistent sleep hygiene practices, including limiting screen time before bed.

While more studies are needed, researchers believe that targeting gut health could become a major new approach to treating insomnia — without relying solely on sleeping pills.