Marburg Virus Outbreak: What You Need to Know as Europe Fears Cases

The Marburg virus, a highly deadly disease with a mortality rate as high as 88%, has caused rising concerns in Europe as the latest outbreak continues in Rwanda. The virus is closely related to Ebola and causes severe hemorrhagic fever, which can lead to organ failure and death if not treated promptly. Symptoms include sudden high fever, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and uncontrolled bleeding, both internally and externally.

The current outbreak in Rwanda, which began in late September 2024, has led to at least 36 confirmed cases and 11 deaths. With over 400 people being monitored for symptoms, the situation is being taken very seriously by international health authorities. In Europe, two passengers traveling from Rwanda to Hamburg were suspected of having contracted the virus, leading to a temporary lockdown at Hamburg Central Station. Fortunately, they tested negative for the virus, alleviating immediate concerns, but the incident highlighted the readiness of European health authorities to act quickly to prevent any potential spread.

The virus is primarily transmitted through contact with infected bodily fluids or contaminated materials, though it originates in fruit bats. Unlike many other diseases, it is not airborne, which limits its spread. Despite this, the fatality rate makes even small outbreaks devastating. Currently, there are no approved vaccines or treatments, although clinical trials for vaccines are underway in Rwanda. These trials are crucial, as the only treatments currently available are supportive care measures such as rehydration and blood transfusions, which increase survival chances but do not guarantee recovery.

International and local health organizations, including the WHO, are closely monitoring the situation and working with the Rwandan government to expedite vaccine trials and treatments​.